llkktth118
- Создано: 21-12-21
- Последний вход: 21-12-21
Профиль пользователя
llkktth118 объявления
Are bluetooth headphones safe?
Описание: Are bluetooth headphones safe? Bluetooth devices emit low levels of nonionizing radiation. Exposure to low amounts of this type of radiation is not harmful to humans. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Trusted Source, routine exposure to nonionizing radiation is "generally perceived as harmless to humans." In this article, we explain why some people are worried about Bluetooth headphones, like iphone bluetooth headset. We also look at the evidence regarding the safety of these devices. What is electromagnetic radiation? According to the National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesTrusted Source, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is an invisible area of energy. Both natural and synthetic objects can emit EMR. When an object emits EMR, it sends out waves of electromagnetic energy at different frequencies. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, the higher the frequency of the radiation, the higher its energy levels. There are two main categories of EMR: Ionizing EMR These waves of EMR are of relatively high frequency and have the potential to damage human cells and DNA. The term "ionizing" means that the EMR is able to remove electrons from atoms. This capability is why ionizing EMR is more harmful than nonionizing EMR. Sources of ionizing EMR include: sunlight sunbeds X-ray machines radioactive waste Nonionizing EMR These waves of EMR are of relatively low frequency and do not generally cause adverse effects in humans. Sources of nonionizing EMR include: Bluetooth devices cell phones computers WIFI networks energy smart meters microwaves power lines MRI machines Are they safe? It is important to remember that there is not a lot of research on the specific issue of Bluetooth headphone or bluetooth earphone usage. Most research appears to focus on exposure to high level nonionizing radiation. The CDCTrusted Source state that nonionizing radiation is only dangerous when a person comes into intense, direct contact with it. This scenario is uncommon and typically only a concern for those who work on instruments and devices that are large sources of nonionizing radiation. A 2019 paper explains that there is a deep divide among researchers investigating the health implications of nonionizing EMR. Some researchers suggest that nonionizing EMR can be dangerous, while others disagree. The paper states that the scientific reports can be controversial and contradictory. Nevertheless, there appears to be growing evidence to suggest that nonionizing EMR may carry some health risks. In pregnancy ResearchersTrusted Source have found that the chance of pregnancy loss is almost three times more likely after experiencing exposure to high levels of nonionizing EMR. Other researchersTrusted Source have found that women who experience exposure to high levels of nonionizing EMR during pregnancy are more likely to have children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cell phones Scientists have also studied the potential risks of cell phone use, as well as mobile phone charger. For example, one study notes that there may be a connection between exposure to EMR from cell phones and both brain tumors and tinnitus. A long-term animal studyTrusted Source also found clear evidence of tumors in male rats that researchers had exposed to nonionizing EMR. However, the authors of the study point out that the findings in animals may not apply to humans. The reason for this is that the level and duration of the exposure were greater than that of the exposure that humans get from cell phones. Also, the researchers exposed the rats' entire bodies to the radiation, which makes the conditions different than the localized exposure that humans experience from cell phones. In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified certain kinds of nonionizing EMR as possibly carcinogenic to humans. They based this decision on a link between cell phone usage and glioma, which is a type of brain cancer. However, the FDATrusted Source note that in the United States, brain cancer rates have remained the same despite an increase in cell phone usage. This consistency suggests that cell phone usage may not increase the risk of brain cancer. Different devices also produce different amounts of nonionizing EMR. For instance, according to one studyTrusted Source, Bluetooth headphones produce 10–400 times less EMR than a typical cell phone. So, even if cell phone usage does increase the risk of certain health conditions, it may still be safe to use Bluetooth headphones, including tws bluetooth heaset. Why are people concerned? In 2015, a group of more than 200 scientists wrote an appeal to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN), requesting stricter international regulations around EMR. According to these scientists, several studies have found that EMR may be harmful to humans, even when the levels of EMR are considerably lower than those that the current guidelines allow. The scientists behind the 2016 appeal list the following as potential effects of overexposure to nonionizing EMR: increased risk of cancer increase in free radical production cellular stress genetic damage changes to the reproductive system cognitive impairment neurological disorders In their appeal, the scientists requested several new safety measures, including: special protections against EMR for children and pregnant women strengthened guidelines and regulations surrounding EMR EMR-free zones educational campaigns to inform the public and doctors about the health risks of EMR The scientists who wrote this appeal did not specifically mention Bluetooth headphones. However, the writers of a 2019 article cited the appeal in an article specifically about the safety of Bluetooth headphones. Since then, some people have become concerned that Bluetooth headphones are unsafe to use. What conditions do they worry Bluetooth can cause? Even though nonionizing EMR is much safer than ionizing EMR, some researchers are worried that nonionizing EMR may be more dangerous than we currently think. Concerns include its effects on the risk of cancer, neurological disorders, and DNA damage. More research is necessary to confirm whether these concerns, and others, are valid. Summary Currently, no evidence directly supports the idea that using noise cancelling bluetooth earpiece is unsafe. Although some research suggests that exposure to high levels of nonionizing EMR can be dangerous, scientists are not certain about this connection. It is also important to remember that Bluetooth headphones produce far lessTrusted Source EMR than cell phones. Nevertheless, researchers do not yet know whether Bluetooth headphones are completely safe to use. For this reason, some people might prefer to be cautious about Bluetooth headphones. They can do this by cutting down their use of Bluetooth headphones and other wireless devices.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
Unexpected Benefits of Outdoor Umbrellas
Описание: Unexpected Benefits of Outdoor Umbrellas Do you have a large outdoor Umbrella? If you do not, you may not know what you are missing. Here are ten benefits of large outdoor umbrellas. Some of them may surprise you. Your Health. Have you ever wondered how much sun is too much? Well, it's a pretty small amount, according to the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. If you're fair-skinned, five to ten minutes is more than enough. A large outdoor Poe Umbrella can protect you from the harmful UV (ultraviolet) rays from the sun. Privacy. An umbrella will give you all kinds of privacy, and not just from neighbors looking down on your outside space. With cantilevered umbrellas that have an articulating arm, you can actually face the umbrella to whichever direction you want to block. Use for All Seasons. Having a Walking Stick Umbrella on your patio or deck in the summer is one thing, but you can use the umbrella all year round. Imagine sitting outside sipping a warm drink in the winter and photographing a sunset—while it's snowing. A large outdoor umbrella will allow you to use your outside space during any season. Temperature. Having shade in the summer doesn't create a spot that's actually cooler. However, it feels cooler in the shade because the umbrella is blocking the UV rays. In fact, it can feel ten degrees cooler under the Golf Umbrella. If you live in an area that is very hot and sunny in the summer, an umbrella will make a huge difference in your outside comfort. Pets. Even if you aren't too concerned about your own comfort, then think of the comfort of your pets. Pets will find a large spot to cool off if you have a large outdoor umbrella. Your pets feel the heat of the sun, too, and there's a limit to how much they can take unless you have pet reptiles. Too much sun is particularly harmful to dog breeds with a flat face, like bulldogs. Protect Your Devices. Do you like to work outside? Then you know that you can't let your laptop get too hot. Or your phone. Or your tablet. An umbrella will allow you to do whatever you want to do with your computer devices without anything overheating. Fiberglass Material is a form of fiber-reinforced plastic where glass fiber is reinforced plastic. This is the reason perhaps why fiberglass is also known as glass reinforced plastic or glass fiber reinforced plastic. The glass fiber is usually flattened into a sheet, randomly arranged or woven into a fabric. According to the use of the fiberglass, the glass fibers can be made of different types of glass. Fiberglass is lightweight, strong and less brittle. The best part of fiberglass is its ability to get molded into various complex shapes. This pretty much explains why fiberglass is widely used in bathtubs, boats, aircraft, roofing, and other applications. Types and forms of fiberglass: Depending on the raw materials used and their proportions to make fiberglass, fiberglass can be classified into the following major types: A-glass: A glass is also called alkali glass and is resistant to chemicals. Due to the composition of A glass fiber, it is close to the window glass. In some parts of the world, it is used to make process equipment. C-glass: C-glass offers very good resistance to chemical impact and is also called as chemical glass. E-glass: It is also called electrical glass and is a very good insulator of electricity. AE-glass: This is alkali-resistant glass. S glass: It is also called structural glass and is known for its mechanical properties. WHAT IS CARBON FIBER? When we talk about carbon fiber in car-making, it is mostly carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) that is being referred to. This is an example of a composite material designed to combine the positive properties of the individual components that make it up. In the rest of the article, we will use the term carbon fiber for simplicity's sake. Carbon Fiber Material is highly desirable for components that need to be stable AND lightweight, such as for use in automotive engineering. That is why carbon fiber is used in aerospace engineering, as well as in the construction of aircraft, boats, and bicycles. In car-making, carbon fiber, like many a material before it, has found its way from racing to mass production. Because every ounce of weight saved counts in motorsports, lightweight construction is one of the basic premises of developing a racing car. Electric Scooters, e-bikes, motorized skateboards and other light personal mobility devices are everywhere on sidewalks and streets in towns and cities around the globe these days. Do these popular micro-vehicles provide a robust and viable option for the future of mobility, or are they safety risks on wheels? Electric scooters allow you to zoom in from A to B in a stylish way, without having to work like a regular bicycle or electric scooters. Electric scooters are not cheap, although they provide interesting Sports Equipment and do not take up much space in the home. Although the onboard motors and foldable design make electric scooters less laborious than bicycles and arguably more convenient, you can not ride them anywhere. The current UK law restricts the places where electric scooter owners can ride.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
MARINE EQUIPMENT, THEN AND NOW
Описание: MARINE EQUIPMENT, THEN AND NOW Marine equipment Every ship or boat needs a comprehensive line up of navigational aid equipment which helps them to travel without losing direction and hope. Marine Mooring Equipment has changed over time. This article briefly looks into various navigational tools that have help men to explore the unknown. From marine radar to autopilot, the oceans have become our safe home. Times have changed, oceans have become another home yet unclear and mysterious. From early explorers who conquered the huge waves in search of mankind, the way humans navigate through oceans and sea has changed. From simple traditional equipment like the Marine Anchor, quadrant, stopwatch, and marine compasses, the navigation system has come a long way. Gone are the days when mariners use to look up the sky and decide the course and destination. Transversing oceans and seas in the most undesirable conditions of the sea has always been a challenge. With the advancement of technology marine navigation has changed its face. Oceans have become highways for international trade operations. Traveling in boats or ships that aren't well equipped to face the waves are dangerous. Major accidents in the deep waters have occurred due to the lack of reliable Marine Deck Machinery. A nautical chart is one of the main instruments of navigation. A chart is a graphical representation of Marine Pump and coastal areas around it. It can show water depths, seabed features, detailed coastal and other important data. The latest technology data storage cards are capable of showing 3D images of different sections of bed which can be conveniently viewed at any angle. Celestial navigation systems were used to measure the height of any object in the sky. They were also used for calculating the angular distance between two objects. Examples of these units are back staff, the staff of the Cross and quadrants. The timer is also used by sailors to measure the height of the bodies above the horizon. A calendar is considered as an important asset to add to marine navigation systems. They are used in marine chronometer which is used for determining the prime meridian or longitudinal line. Another device that was used in the mid 18th century is the Sextant. Sextant is a popular navigation tool that is still being used. Sextant is integrated into the telescope and the angular extent and determine the latitude and longitude. Sextant allows celestial objects to be measured relative to the horizon, rather than relative to the instrument. This allows for excellent precision. Unlike backstaff, backstaff helps to measure the altitude of a celestial body, particularly the sun or the moon, sextant allows direct observations of stars. This permits the use of the sextant at night when a backstaff is difficult to use. Sextant doesn't depend upon electricity or GPS, unlike the modern navigation equipment. Therefore, sextants are still used in all boats. For these reasons, it is considered an eminently practical back-up navigation tool for ships.The weather vane was used in olden days on all ships. Weather vanes indicated the direction of the wind for the sailors to help them maneuver better over the waves. Weather vanes are no more in use on any ship or boat these days. Shipping companies and boat owners across the globe are implementing innovative and better ways to transverse the ocean and sea. With various new maritime laws, owners of ships and boats need to follow the law, security, and operational requirement. Many companies like Maritronics provides a comprehensive fleet of Marine Outfitting navigation systems useful for anyone who owns a yacht to a container ship. The global positioning system or GPS is a boon for maritime activities. With a GPS compass, anyone can determine the exact location of the ship thereby assisting the crew to sail safe or help in a distress situation. The age-old method of charts and maps are no more on the deck. The latest Multifunction Chart Displays gives you detailed information about the vessel to the mariner. Displays navigation sensors, weather receivers, radars, GPS, plotters can be effectively integrated into a navigation screen. It can serve as a center panel that can do all sorts of features to provide the best navigation experience in the ocean. This useful tool can provide users with improved situational awareness and safety. Fishermen can now locate fishes using Marine Light equipment for efficient fishing. This helps in the bloom of the fishing industry, allowing them to fish sustainably without hindering the aquatic life. Sailors, mariners, passengers or fishermen, they are all provided with instruments of navigation and marine equipment to increase security and safeguard everyone onboard Today, Maritronics, one of the leading dealers of maritime navigation equipment states that navigation is most electronic and computer-based now. The use of satellite communication to determine ship navigation as well as the geographical orientation helps the ship to sail safely. The Marine Auxiliary Machinery system provides information regarding possible collision thus making every ship journey safe and pleasurable. Navigation instruments have come a long way since the days when sailors relied on celestial bodies and the wind to reach their destination.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
What to Know About Potassium Chloride
Описание: What to Know About Potassium Chloride Potassium is one of the essential minerals your body needs to function normally. It plays a crucial role in regulating the beating of the heart. It is present in many foods, but its deficiency in the body can lead to hypokalemia or potassium deficiency. Potassium Chloride is a form of salt that can be used as a medication to treat low potassium levels in the blood. Potassium in the blood may decrease because of a disease or as a result of taking certain medications. Is Potassium Chloride Salt? Potassium chloride is a naturally occurring salt derived from the ground or sea. It is a potassium-based salt that food manufacturers mostly use to replace sodium Chlorides or table salt. In some applications, it can help reduce the presence of sodium by as much as 70%. It does not carry a high health risk as sodium-based salts do. You can use potassium salts just like regular table salt. Many food companies use potassium chloride as a substitute to lower the sodium levels in their processed foods. As consumers continue to demand lower-sodium products, manufacturers have found potassium chloride to be a safe alternative. It is now the leading reformulation option for reducing sodium levels in food products. Unfortunately, it may leave a metallic aftertaste. Tricalcium phosphate is a calcium salt found in many nutritional supplements. Many people wonder about the safety of tricalcium Phosphates, including side effects and whether it causes cancer. Some people take supplements containing tricalcium phosphate to supplement their daily calcium intake if they are not getting enough calcium from diet alone. However, tricalcium phosphate is a concentrated source of calcium and taking too much can cause high calcium levels or hypercalcemia. Some calcium phosphates derive from phosphate rocks, calcium from plant sources, and ammonia. These can be considered vegan. Most of the time, however, calcium phosphates are made from ground animal bones. Calcium phosphate aids in cell functioning and plays a vital role in many different body processes, including bone growth and energy production. Dimagnesium Phosphate is effective as a nutritional supplement because it is readily absorbed in the body. However, there is little evidence to show it is more effective than other calcium supplements, in particular, those containing citrate and carbonateTrusted Source . Tricalcium phosphate also has many other uses. It is found in many household items, including baby powder, toothpaste, and antacids. A variety of industries use tricalcium phosphate. For example, the biomedical sector uses tricalcium phosphate to make cement or composite to repair bones Trusted Source . Potassium Formates, the salt of formic acid, is an efficient alternative to potassium acetate with a lower chemical oxygen demand (COD) that reduces wastewater treatment costs, minimizes harmful environmental effects, and ensures a sustainable environment. Features Effective ice control and friction for aircraft on runways Freezing point depression to -60°F at 50% concentration Low COD for efficient degradation and reduced wastewater treatment costs Drop-in replacement for potassium acetate When the potassium formate, an eco-friendly runway deicer, enters the airport wastewater treatment facility, its low oxygen demand minimizes COD loading and improves processing efficiency. Sodium chloride-based salts disturb the water and nutrient balance of plants in the soil, degrade infrastructures such as buildings, roads, and bridges, and increase particulate pollution in cities. With the costs of replanting trees or shrubs, repairing infrastructure, and providing additional city clean-up, potassium formates become an efficient deicing agent alternative for a sustainable future in non-runway applications. This chemical has been effective at European airports for two decades as it significantly reduces the freezing point of water, making it an effective runway deicing agent. Potassium Formate can be a drop-in replacement for potassium acetate with comparable effectiveness, utilize existing deicing equipment, while reducing COD loading into the environment or wastewater treatment facilities. It is typically utilized in anti-icing applications to prevent ice and snow buildup, but it can also function as a sole runway deicer to keep runways open and clear in cold weather environments. Acetate is a substance in many common items, some of which you may use every day. Acetate fabric, in particular, was grouped with rayon until the 1950s, when the two were required to be labeled as separate because of rayon's resistance to heat—a characteristic acetate does not possess. These days, Acetates can be found in the lining of wedding dresses, in sunglasses, upholstery, umbrellas, and even cigarette filters. You may be wondering: What is this material that can be used so diversely across multiple industries? Magnesium Acetate, or cellulose acetate (CA), is a thermoplastic. Thermoplastics are materials that soften when heated and return to a hardened state when cooled. It is this characteristic that gives the bio-based substance its easy-to-process reputation. What are sulfates? Sulfate is a salt that forms when sulfuric acid reacts with another chemical. It is a broader term for other synthetic sulfate-based chemicals you may be concerned about, such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium Laureth sulfate (SLES). These compounds are produced from petroleum and plant sources such as coconut and palm oil. You’ll mostly find them in your cleaning and personal care products. The main use for SLS and SLES in products is to create lather, giving a stronger impression of cleaning power. While Sulfates are not “bad” for you, there is a lot of controversy behind this common ingredient. Constipation is a widespread issue, and most people experience it at some point in their lives. Many people use magnesium products, including magnesium Citrates, to treat this uncomfortable condition. Before taking magnesium citrate, it is essential that a person understands how it works, its side effects, and how it interacts with other substances. There are times when magnesium citrate may not be the best option for treating constipation, and choosing other alternatives may help avoid any complications. Constipation is when a person has fewer than three trusted Source bowel movements a week. Stools are usually hard, dry, or lumpy, and may be difficult or painful to pass. In many cases, addressing the underlying cause for constipation may reduce the need for medications, including magnesium citrate. These include a low fiber diet, immobility, dehydration, or medical conditions. How does magnesium citrate work for constipation? Compounds such as Magnesium Citrate work by pulling water into the intestines. This water combines with the dry stool, making it easier to pass. Medications that work in this way are called osmotic laxatives. When used correctly, many people find that magnesium citrate is a simple solution to occasional constipation.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
Fire Performance of Insulated Panels
Описание: Fire Performance of Insulated Panels We are dedicated to providing high-performance, innovative insulated Fireproof Panel solutions that not only deliver superior construction efficiencies and lifetime performance, but that are underpinned by extensive 3rd party insurer-approved system fire testing and proven fire performance. What Underpins the Fire Performance of Insulated Panels? Large-scale system testing, where a complete wall or roof system build-up is tested, is the most robust way to assess the fire performance of any construction. LPCB and FM Approved insulated panels are subjected to and meet the requirements of rigorous insurance industry large-scale system fire tests. These Approvals provide objective third-party testing, which is underpinned by quarterly, bi-annual and annual factory surveillance audits (depending on the region) to verify compliance. Independent certification bodies take samples of Aluminum Composite Panels from our factories and send them to their own laboratories for testing to verify ongoing compliance. These independent audits also include assessments of change control, formulations, processing parameters, labelling and internal testing. In Ireland and the UK specifically, we have subjected our key insulated panel products to this rigorous insurance industry large-scale testing over the last 25 years. In terms of reaction to fire, and in accordance with the Euroclass system, PIR and QuadCore insulated panel systems can be classified as B-s1,d0, which is the highest possible performance for a material that is combustible: B - Very limited contribution to fire and will not lead to flashover s1 - Little or no smoke production d0 - No flaming droplets / particles In addition, our insulated Fireproof Boards can also offer high levels of fire resistance. QuadCore Insulated Panels have a fire resistance rating ranging from: Wall application: 15 to 90 minutes integrity & insulation < LPCB LPS 1181 EXT A 15 to EXT A 90>* Roof application: 15 to 60 minutes integrity & insulation < LPCB LPS 1181 EXT A 15 to EXT A 90>* Fire resistant building envelope to EXT A 30* Alternative traditional systems with glass wool insulation in the market obtain maximum EXT-A 15, or 15 minutes fire resistance Demonstrated not to propagate fire spread in real fires We have a significant number of independently investigated real fire case studies, where LPCB and FM approved Aluminum Panel systems have been exposed to fires in a range of building types including school, hospital, retail, distribution, storage, food manufacture/ processing, industrial and car showroom. Whilst all these case studies relate to insulated panels with a PIR core, large scale system tests embedded within LPCB and FM approvals indicate that QuadCore insulated panels will perform in a similar or better manner. Key findings from these real fire investigations include: No evidence to indicate that the PIR insulated panels increased the risk of fire spread; PIR cores within the insulated panels charred in the immediate vicinity of the fire; Fires were not propagated within the PIR core of the insulated panel; PIR insulated panels did not char significantly outside of the area of the main fire; Building contents were the dominant influence on fire severity, and The fire severity was not significantly influenced by the PIR insulated panel. In summary, the combination of large-scale testing, independent auditing, factory production control and the evidence from real fire case studies clearly demonstrates the suitability of LPCB and FM approved Composite Sheet systems to provide a robust fire protection solution that can be relied upon.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
An overview article on Actuators
Описание: An overview article on Actuators An actuator is a type of motor, typically operated by electric current, hydraulic fluid or air pressure that's widely used in the Process Industry for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. How do actuators work? Actuators take fluid, electric or some other source of power and convert it through a motor, piston or other devices to perform work. Basic versions are used to move Actuated Valves to either fully opened or fully closed positions. While actuators for control or position regulating valves are given a positioning signal to move to any intermediate position with a high degree of accuracy. Actuator types There are four main types of actuators that are a combination of the type of power applied and the type of movement required at the valve. Pneumatic Actuators are one of the most common and dependable configurations of actuators and are capable of quickly operating very large valves. The main advantage of this type of actuator is that all of the accessories are incorporated in the package and are physically and environmentally protected. It has all the basic and advanced functions incorporated in a compact housing which can be watertight, explosion-proof and in some circumstances, submersible. Electric Actuators are very similar except that the final drive element is usually in one quadrant that puts out a 90° motion. The newer generation of quarter-turn actuators incorporates many of the features found in the most sophisticated multi-turn actuators. They are compact, so can be used on smaller valves, and because of their lower power requirements, they can be fitted with an emergency power source such as a battery to provide failsafe operation. Fluid power quarter-turn actuators are extremely versatile and can be used where there is no readily available electric power or where simplicity and reliability are essential. They can also withstand considerable mechanical abuse. The smallest can deliver a few inch pounds of torque where the largest are capable of producing in excess of a million inch-pounds of torque. Almost all fluid power actuators utilize a cylinder and a mechanism to covert the linear motion generated in the cylinder to a quarter-turn motion. Fluid Power multi-turn actuators are frequently used when multi-turn output is required to operate a linear type Pneumatic Valves (such as a gate or globe valve). Electric actuators are often used for this type of valve but, if there is no electric power supply readily available, pneumatic or hydraulic motors can be used to operate multi-turn actuators. Selecting a valve actuator The correct type and size of Valve Actuators can be determined by checking: The Power source The type of valve The torque required by the valve Remote control One of the great advantages of an automated valve is that it can be remotely controlled without having to physically go to the Electric Valves and give it an open or close command. A common method of positioning an actuator is to feed it a proportional signal (such as 4-20 mA), so that the actuator can then position itself in direct portion to the received signal. If you have worked with any kind of fluid processing system, then you are familiar with ball valves and the crucial job they do. Ball Valves are quarter-turn valves that are often made with full-bore designs. This means they can completely stop flow when closed and will not hinder flow when opened. This is valuable with flow rate and pressure are important to the application. Stainless steel is one of the strongest and most resilient materials out there, with top-notch pressure and temperature resistances. There are too many applications for stainless steel ball valves, but in this article we will look at some of the most common. But first, what makes stainless steel so special? What is Stainless Steel? The reason there are so many uses for stainless steel Ball Valves is that it is a fantastic material. It is tougher than cast iron, ductile iron, brass, and copper when it comes to pressure rating and temperature tolerance. Stainless steel competes with carbon steel on many fronts, but beats it by a mile in corrosion resistance. For this reason, applications for stainless steel ball valves are typically demanding in one or more area (corrosion, temperature, pressure). Stainless steel is a fantastic material that is difficult to beat, but it does have one major drawback: price. There is a major price jump from iron valves to steel Butterfly Valves, but it is warranted! The price jump is reflected by a jump in quality from one material to another. Stainless steel is the best of the best, with high pressure tolerance, temperature limits, and corrosion resistance.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
History of Cardboard Boxes: When Were Cardboard Boxes Invented?
Описание: History of Cardboard Boxes: When Were Cardboard Boxes Invented? We take them for granted, but shipping operations would not be the same without the invention of cardboard boxes - how long do you think they have they been around? When Was the Cardboard Box Invented? The cardboard Gift Box was invented all the way back in 1817 in England. The box was simple paperboard and was not corrugated, but it was a box (Kellogg Cereals helped popularize this box in the mid-1800s)! There have been many incarnations of the cardboard box along the way though, which we will highlight next in the evolution of the cardboard box section. How Has the Cardboard Box Evolved? Corrugated paper was patented in 1856, but used as a liner in hats for the beginning of its existence. It was not until 1871 that the corrugated cardboard Cosmetic Box came into existence as a means of shipping and handling materials. It only took three years for the first machine to produce large quantities of corrugated board to come into being, creating the corrugated cardboard box we all know and love today. 1890 brought about another huge innovation in cardboard boxes, as pre-cut single pieces of board that could be folded into boxes were invented. By 1895, corrugated cardboard boxes jumped shores and began being produced in America for the first time. What Came Before the Cardboard Box? Wooden crates were the predominant means for moving materials prior to the invention of the Round Gift Box. Those wooden crates were (and still are) pretty expensive and hard to replicate on a grand scale though. How Are Cardboard Boxes Made? We could explain how cardboard Lip Balm Tube Boxes are made, but would not you rather watch them get made? The Science Channel is here to help us all with their fantastic "How It's Made" series. Watch their video above to learn about how cardboard boxes are made! Why Do We Need Cardboard Boxes? Cardboard Corrugated Boxes remain one of the simplest ways to move things from one place to another. Whether it is a case of juice boxes or you are moving from one house to another, cardboard boxes help collect numerous amounts of things into one confined space for easy handling. Paper Bags have been part of trade and commerce for more than centuries. Traditionally cloth and jute bags were used to pack goods in larger quantities during its transfer from manufacturer or farms to retailers and shopkeepers then used the paper bags to distribute smaller quantity goods to end customers. In fact, paper bags are still used by small food retailers like – sweetshop owners, street food vendors, bakers and by small vegetable sellers. On the other hand, a paper bag's structural firmness and surface feature made it ideal to print high-quality images, logo, designs better as compared to a plastic bag, and that made paper bags a hit for fashion, luxury and premium gift packaging industry. With the right apps, a smartphone can do almost anything, but it is also useful to occasionally ditch your phone in favor of a trusty Notebook. Switching from relying on your phone in every aspect of your life to using a physical notebook can be beneficial for more than just your handwriting. You can not check social networks on your notebook, for one. Committing to using a notebook for certain aspects of your life—say, your to-do list—can help wean you from your smartphone addiction. Overusing your phone can lead to sleep issues, anxiety, decreased productivity, and other issues, and experts recommend putting away your phone periodically during the day to break the cycle of checking and rechecking your notifications every few minutes. Benefits of Using Sticky Notes Sticky Notes are cost-effective and easy to use. Their design makes them great for highlighting important information as it contrasts against standard documents and books. A study conducted by Randy Garner at Sam Houston State University which was noted in the Harvard Business Review found that sticky notes were a persuasive instrument in getting people to comply with a request. This was owed to the fact that adding a sticky note with a handwritten message on a file added a personal touch which people responded well to. That e-books have surged in popularity in recent years is not news, but where they are headed – and what effect this will ultimately have on the printed word – is unknown. Are printed Books destined to eventually join the ranks of clay tablets, scrolls and typewritten pages, to be displayed in collectors' glass cases with other curious items of the distant past? And if all of this is so, should we be concerned? Answers to these questions do not come easily, thanks to the variability in both e-reading trends and in research findings on the effects (or lack thereof) that digital reading has on us. What we do know, according to a survey conducted last year by Pew Research, is that half of American adults now own a tablet or e-reader, and that three in 10 read an e-book in 2013. Although printed books remain the most popular means of reading, over the past decade e-books have made a valiant effort at catching up.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
Benefits of Zinc Die Casting in the Automotive Industry
Описание: Benefits of Zinc Die Casting in the Automotive Industry The automotive industry relies on die casting for a variety of applications. Most automobiles have many metal parts that must be cast into specific shapes. Automotive Casting is the perfect method for making these parts. When choosing a metal for the casting process, aluminum or magnesium are often obvious choices. These metals are very lightweight, making them ideal in the automotive industry. At the same time, zinc is one of the easiest metals to cast, and zinc die casting for automotive parts offers numerous benefits. Zinc die casting combines a high level of production efficiency, superior quality and cost-effectiveness. Here is our guide to using zinc die casting for automobile parts, including benefits, applications and the casting process in the industry. Benefits of Zinc Die Casting The benefits of using zinc for die casting include: Faster die casting process: The two main die casting processes are hot chamber die casting and cold chamber die casting. Aluminum die casting requires the cold chamber method, which only allows for two or three shots a minute. On the other hand, zinc die casting uses hot chamber die casting, which can allow four or five shots a minute, saving you both time and money. Maximum strength and hardness: Zinc parts are naturally stronger than aluminum or magnesium parts without any special treatment. In fact, some zinc alloys can be over twice as strong and 15 times harder than A380 aluminum alloy. Greater flexibility: Zinc is an extremely fluid metal. It is easier to work with than aluminum and gives you more options when casting parts. With zinc, you can make parts in complex shapes with thinner walls. This capability makes up for the fact that aluminum is lighter in weight than zinc. Applications of Zinc Die Casting in the Automotive Industry There are many applications for zinc Die Casting in the automotive industry. One of the most important is manufacturing parts designed to increase the safety of the vehicle, such as seatbelt components. The ability to form zinc into very specific parts, without losing the metal's stability and strength, makes zinc ideal for automotive safety components. Due to its excellent corrosion resistance, zinc is also often used to make parts on the exterior of the vehicle, including parts of the windshield wiper, sunroof and chassis. In addition, zinc is often found in door lock housings, camshaft components, brake parts, components under the hood, parts of the fuel system and more. Many automotive manufacturers prefer to make as many zinc parts as possible, since zinc-casted products can often go directly into the assembly process. They already have an attractive finish, so they do not need to undergo any special finishing. Plus, zinc parts are already strong, so there's no need to add a reinforcing alloy. With no Lighting Housing at all, a bare bulb's light goes out equally in all directions. Looking at the bulb directly can be uncomfortable. Bare bulbs are sometimes used in lighting, but usually in places where the light is precious and where someone's not likely to accidentally stare right at it – such as in a closet or high in a stairwell. The direct glare from a bare bulb can actually damage the eye. Use lampshades to both block the eye from directly seeing the bulb, and to direct the light where you want it to go. A lamp shade's purpose is to protect the eye from the bulb's glare and to direct light from the bulb in the lamp into the room. A common form of the lampshade on a floor lamp, for example, uses cloth or paper with a loose weave to block significant amounts of light in a horizontal direction. At the same time, the shade permits light to flow from the top and bottom. This allows light to be more focused below the shade – perhaps for the use of the person sitting in a nearby chair, to permit them to read more easily – and some light to flow to the ceiling, where it is reflected and becomes part of the ambient light in the room. By blocking the light horizontally, those sitting or walking are unlikely to have the direct glare of the bulb hit them in the eye. Instead, they have the softer reflected light from the ceiling and the much-diffused light through the shade. A torchiere shade will, instead, project most of the light upwards. Torchieres are part of accent lighting and general lighting, rather than task lighting. Flick a switch and get instant power—how our ancestors would have loved electric motors! You can find them in everything from electric trains to remote-controlled cars—and you might be surprised how common they are. How many Electric Motor Parts are there in the room with you right now? There are probably two in your computer for starters, one spinning your hard drive around and another one powering the cooling fan. If you are sitting in a bedroom, you will find motors in hairdryers and many toys; in the bathroom, they are in extractor fans, and electric shavers; in the kitchen, motors are in just about every appliance from clothes washing machines and dishwashers to coffee grinders, microwaves, and electric can openers. Electric motors have proved themselves to be among the greatest inventions of all time. Our Communication Parts adopt hot and cold technology, which have strong corrosion resistance and good casting performance. Moreover, the entire internal structure design is very firm, very convenient to use, and the entire heat dissipation function is also very good.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
LED STREETLIGHTS ARE GIVING NEIGHBORHOODS THE BLUES
Описание: LED STREETLIGHTS ARE GIVING NEIGHBORHOODS THE BLUES YOU MAY HAVE NOTICED THEM going up in your town's streets and parking lots: a new generation of Galvanized Pole-mounted lights that pour down a cool torrent of lumens from an array of light-emitting diodes. Like me, you might have welcomed this development. LEDs are, after all, the most energy-efficient lighting option on the market. They can last twice as long as ordinary sodium-vapor streetlights, and their prices have dropped to within range of the competition. If the switch to LEDs had needed any more support, it came from growing evidence about climate change. In the United States, Street Light accounts for a whopping 30 percent of all the energy used to generate electricity for outdoor lighting. Another 60 percent goes toward lighting parking lots and garages, and much of that energy is still produced by fossil-fired power plants. Consultants at the firm Navigant, in Chicago, have estimated that the United States could save 662 trillion British thermal units—the energy needed to power 5.8 million typical U.S. homes for one year—by converting all remaining non-LED outdoor lighting to LEDs. Armed with statistics like these, and a mandate to cut energy use wherever they can, municipalities across the United States have installed more than 5.7 million outdoor LED street and area lights. Other towns and cities in Canada, Europe, and Asia have added millions more over the past decade. Amid this rush to adopt outdoor LEDs, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) stressed energy efficiency as the biggest advantage of the new technology while cautioning cities to also consider light output and color quality. But now that ordinary folks have got an eyeful of those new lights, some municipalities are coming down with a case of the early-adopter blues. Lately, lighting companies have introduced LED Street Lights with a warmer-hued output, and municipalities have begun to adopt them. Some communities, too, are using smart lighting controls to minimize light pollution. They are welcome changes, but they're happening none too soon: An estimated 10 percent of all outdoor lighting in the United States was switched over to an earlier generation of LEDs, which included those problematic blue-rich varieties, at a potential cost of billions of dollars. The episode invites a few questions: How did an energy-saving technology that looked so promising wind up irritating so many people? Why has it taken so long for the impacts of blue-rich lighting to become widely known? And why did blue-rich LEDs so captivate municipal lighting engineers long before better options reached the market? Early innovations in Solar Street Light were largely driven by brightness and convenience. The ancient Greeks and Romans lit terra-cotta oil lamps to illuminate their streets. Candles and oil lanterns brightened preindustrial cities, with some 3,000 streetlamps said to be used in Paris in 1669. In the early 1800s, whale-oil lamps and lanterns began to give way to relatively inexpensive gas streetlights, which were first installed throughout London, Paris, and St. Petersburg, Russia. Not until the 20th century did engineers start worrying about efficiency. Brilliant arc lamps were the original electric streetlights in the late 1800s, but it took more practical incandescent bulbs to persuade most cities to replace gas streetlights with electric ones. These were gradually phased out for even higher-efficiency successors: mercury-vapor lamps starting in 1948, and then high-pressure sodium in 1970. The bluish LEDs were a stark counterpart to the orangish high-pressure sodium Garden Lights that came before them. Switching from the warm sodium lights to those LEDs was like going from a subtropical sunset to high noon at the equator. The difference in color comes from the inner workings of a white LED. Individual LEDs are nearly monochromatic, which means they emit Solar Garden Light of only one particular color, and in a very narrow band of wavelengths. The cheapest and most efficient way to make white light from an LED is to shine light from one or more powerful blue LEDs onto compounds called phosphors that absorb blue light and emit yellow light. This light combines with the remaining blue light from the LED to appear white to the eye. The resulting shade of white depends on the blend of blue from the LED and yellow from the phosphor. It's measured on the color-temperature scale, which corresponds to the temperature (in kelvins) of a "black body," which is an object that absorbs all the electromagnetic radiation it encounters and emits a similar mixture of colors. Early "white" LEDs developed in 1997 at Nichia Chemical Industries, in Japan, (now known as Nichia Corp.) were quite blue: They emitted more than 45 percent blue light, corresponding to 8,000 K. That's even bluer than the color temperature of summer daylight, and it looks harsh to the eye. Adding more and redder phosphors to a white LED makes its light look warmer and more agreeable to the eye—but at the cost of reduced efficiency. That's because energy is lost in converting high-energy blue photons to lower-energy yellow and red photons. At home, though, people are sensitive to the color of lighting, so for indoor use, many people choose LEDs of 2,700 to 3,000 K, close to the hue of ordinary incandescent bulbs. Indoor LEDs reign supreme among Smart Light System sources based on the savings they deliver: They are about five times as efficient as incandescents and up to 10 percent more efficient than compact fluorescents. They are rated to last anywhere from 2 to 50 times as long as competing bulbs. Though they've been screwed into only about 3 percent of indoor sockets in the United States, their rate of adoption is growing. Outdoor lighting is a different matter, though, because it's bought by municipal engineers charged with providing functional lighting at minimum cost. The cost-saving potential of LEDs appealed greatly to them, so they looked for the highest-efficiency bulbs. In June 2008, the DOE correctly noted that the most efficient white LEDs of the time were those with a color temperature of 4,500 to 6,500 K. The agency also recommended matching color temperature to the bulb's intended application. Outdoor LEDs also illuminate streets more efficiently than sodium not so much because of their superior lumens per watt but because they are highly directional, meaning that they focus Traffic Light mostly in one direction. Sodium lamps are gas-filled bulbs that emit in all directions. More than half of that light must be redirected downward by reflectors or lenses, reducing the lamps' illumination efficiency. A much trickier factor to quantify for street lighting is how the difference in color temperature between LEDs and high-pressure sodium affects the way we see at night. Our ability to see in a range of environments comes from two sets of sensors: a group of receptors known as cones that show us color in daylight, and night-time sensors called rods that are very sensitive to bluish Road Signs light but are less sensitive to red. Our visual sensitivity shifts as the light grows dim because rods and cones respond most strongly to waves of different lengths. The collective response of cones makes the human eye most sensitive in the daytime to wavelengths of green-yellow light in the middle of the visible spectrum. Rods have a peak response to shorter blue-green wavelengths. Blue-sensitive cones, which are greatly outnumbered by other types of cones but are thought to play a role in sensing brightness at night, peak at wavelengths that produce indigo light. The result is that at night the blue-rich light from an LED streetlamp looks brighter to the eye than the orangish Solar Panel System from a high-pressure sodium lamp—even if the two emit the same number of lumens, which are measured on a scale based on the eyes' daytime response. Given these facts, some experts touted bluer light for LEDs, noting that the relatively high color temperatures could enhance visibility at night. Some suggested that the use of bluish LEDs would let us see so much better at night that we could turn down the intensity of the lighting.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21
The Importance of Good Makeup Brushes
Описание: The Importance of Good Makeup Brushes If you're new to the makeup scene or you're not a regular makeup user, you need to understand the importance of quality makeup Face Brushes. A lot of makeup newbies and amateurs do not realize the importance of quality tools and brushes, and this should not be so. Most of them do not even know which tools and brushes to buy, and this article will help them through a number of issues, including identifying the right tools to buy, and the importance of these tools. Many people need makeup for a number of reasons, and no matter your reason for using makeup, you need the right tools, and you need tools of the best quality. When starting out, you need original and high-quality brushes, including (the basics) liquid Foundation Brushes, Powder Brushes, a concealer brush, a number of eyeshadow brushes, an eyeliner brush, some lip brushes, eyeshadow brushes, and a buffing brush. Why are quality brushes actually important? Why are they better than cheap brushes? A lot of people ask these questions, and there are many reasons why quality brushes are important. These reasons include: Quality brushes are better for your skin: Your skin deserves the best, and quality brushes will give your skin the very best. Quality Eye Brushes should feel soft and gentle against your skin. If a brush feels rough and scratchy, then it is of low quality and should not be used on your skin. If it's also a brush with bristles that fall out all the time, it is not of good quality. When you use these low-quality brushes, it will lead to skin irritation and visibly faster aging. Buying quality brushes saves you money: While it might seem expensive at first, making the decision to buy quality brushes will actually save you money in the long run. If you decide to buy cheap brushes of low quality, you will have to keep replacing them, and this will cost you a lot more money than if you had just gotten the slightly more expensive ones at first. Also, quality brushes have the ability to last for years. Your makeup turns out better when you use quality brushes: Quality brushes improve the final look of your makeup. They make the application and blending easier, and you end up having a smoother, well-done, and more attractive look. If, for instance, you use bad eyeshadow brushes, your eyeshadow will come out looking tacky and totally unattractive. Once you make use of a quality Lip Brushes, however, your makeup will look as great as possible. Bronzer and Blush Brushes are similar enough that one could do the job of many, yes, but who has the time to clean them between each step (and don't you dare think about using just one brush and not cleaning it). Find a bronzer and/or blush brush with long, fluffy bristles and a dome shape to evenly diffuse your powder pigments. The fluffier it is, the less productive it will pick up (which is ideal when you want just a wash of color). If your makeup brush collection does not already include a Stippling Brush, you should consider adding one ASAP. Unlike traditional foundation brushes that have a single layer of bristles, stippling brushes have two. The top layer picks up the makeup product you're going to apply, and the bottom layer is denser, helping to push the product onto your skin rather than having your bristles absorb the formula. Often, the two layers will come in different colors. Even though it is expensive, you have to invest in great brushes. You get to save money, quality brushes have longevity, quality Makeup Brush Sets are good for our skin, and they're better for your makeup in general. For these reasons, you need to make the decision to get quality brushes today.
Дата Публикации: 21-12-21