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- Создано: 13-12-21
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Why Solids Control is a Game Changer for the Oil Industry!
Описание: Why Solids Control is a Game Changer for the Oil Industry! Waste is inevitable in any activity of construction, but there is not necessarily an issue so much with waste as there is with how it is dealt with. Technology has been instrumental in helping avoid waste in the oil industry, and that technology is solids control. Solids control is a technique used in oil drilling. It is typically located on a drilling rig and is used to separate the solids in the drilling mud. These solids are created by the crushing of the drill bits that are carried out of the well surface. Essentially, solids control is the recycling of the drilling mud, and it saves costs regarding mud quantity and disposal. Although there are other forms of waste management in the oil industry, solids control is one of the best options to drilling waste management and helps to minimize the environmental impact of oil drilling. Stages Solid control systems contain multiple parts and stages. Mud tank: Mixes and stores drilling mud Shale shaker screen: Removes large solids Hydrocyclones: Speeds up the settling process Centrifugal screw pumps: Provides feed pressure and volume to operate the hydrocyclone Desander: Removes medium-sized solids Desilter: Removes small-sized solids Vacuum degasser: Removes air from mud agitator Conveying equipment system: Transports cuttings Centrifuge: Recovers barite and complies with environmental standards Mud cooler Cuttings dryer: Removes moisture from cuttings Dewatering: Removes fine solids Containers: Holds cuttings for transport Disposing of Waste Drilling Fluid After solids collection is over, the waste drilling fluid will need to be handled and disposed of. Non-toxic waste does not necessarily need to be treated any further, but any oil-based or even synthetic muds will need to be treated. This is because they are toxic and can cause damaging effects to the environment. Treating and disposing of this fluid properly reduces the need for the addition of more mud products to maintain the proper components and formation of the mud quality. Increase Life of Usable Fluid Solids control truly helps the oil industry be more sustainable. Using a good solids control system can increase the usable life of the fluid two to three times. This is extremely useful to oil companies, as mud dilution and mud dumping are no longer environmentally acceptable. Economical In order to make the mud quality useful for recirculation, the content of solids in the mud has to be kept below 5%. By reusing mud and fluid multiple times, solids control is a much more economical method of oil drilling. Reduce Drill Bit Penetration Keeping the concentration of solids in drilling mud down is also helpful for reducing excess drill bit penetration. This helps to avoid the risk of instability due to long periods with an open borehole. In turn, this reduces drilling costs.
Дата Публикации: 13-12-21
11 Dec The BORTECH Auto Bore Welding Machine Gets You Back in Action Fast!
Описание: 11 Dec The BORTECH Auto Bore Welding Machine Gets You Back in Action Fast! When repairing bores is the challenge at hand, time is of the essence. You need to get back up and running as quickly as possible without sacrificing quality, accuracy or safety. Here’s why owning a BORTECH auto bore welding machine is exactly what you need to get back in action – fast! Save time by performing two tasks simultaneously. Welding and boring can be performed simultaneously on different bores using the CLIMAX line boring system with the BORTECH automated bore welder. Quick change from line boring to welding. The BORTECH automated bore welder seamlessly interfaces with the CLIMAX bearing system for a five-minute changeover from boring to welding. Weld virtually any kind of workpiece. The adjustable mounting base allows the mounting of the BORTECH auto bore welder to fit any workpiece when used independently of the CLIMAX bearing mounts. Speed! The BORTECH auto bore welder is up to 75% faster than hand-welding, with the ability to lay 5 lbs of metal per hour, hour after hour. Reduce hard spots and inclusions. The BORETECH auto bore welder reduces hard spots and inclusions by 95% vs. hand-welding. Beautiful welds, easier to machine. A consistent and uniform weld deposit provides a smooth, defect-free surface for subsequent machining. This reduces cutting tool wear and reduces machining time by up to 50% vs. hand-welding. Keyways? Split lines? No problem! The BORTECH Auto-Skip feature is perfect for skipping keyways or split lines, eliminating the need to manually “skip” no-weld areas. Return out-of-round bores to circular. Extended use of Auto-Skip capability allows automated correction of out-of-round bores, using Pie Mode or Carriage Return, which prevents over-boring or slugging. Reversible rotation for added flexibility. Reversible rotation gives the operator the ability to weld in either rotation direction, allowing unlimited weld passes to be performed with minimal welding challenges when compared to unidirectional bore welding machines. Adjust torch diameter independently of torch angle. The BORTECH Offset Head provides torch diameter adjustment without changing the torch angle. Maintaining the correct torch angle makes for consistent and repeatable welding results. Total control of welding parameters. The BORTECH BW3000 is the only MIG bore welder that gives you control over every welding and positioning parameter. Improved health and safety. BORTECH auto bore welders keep operators away from harmful smoke and fumes, contributing to safety in the workplace. Boring business arms owners with tools for success The portability of its product is the feature that a small Stillwater company uses to market the patented machines it produces. Strangely enough, each machine weighs 420 pounds. Laptop computers they're not, but then the machines that Portable Line Bore Corp. manufactures are not white-collar in any way, shape or form.Line-boring machines are cutting tools used to repair heavy equipment--backhoes, bulldozers, front-end loaders and such--which can weigh several hundred tons. The machines shave off metal to within a 1,000th-of an-inch tolerance in the holes that house the pins that hold the the movable buckets, blades and swing arms onto the bodies of heavy equipment. "The holes get out of round, and when you replace the pins, they must be exactly in line," said Jeff Skaarup, a partner in Portable Line Bore Inc. with Liz Schoonmaker. If the holes are not exact, what starts out as a square ditch or level area could end up canted to one side or the other. Stationary line-boring machines 30 to 35 feet long can do the repairs, but when bushings break or bearing housings wear out on heavy-duty equipment, moving that large machinery to a shop for repairs can be time-consuming and expensive. Terry Marr, maintenance shop supervisor at the Glenbrook Nickel Co., a nickel-smelting firm in Riddle, Ore., cited a case where the company paid $17,000 for a single line-boring job, and that was for only two holes. "It's a very large machine that picks up thousands of tons all the time," he said of the loader that needed repairs. But it had to be transported overland 80 miles to a rail shop to be worked on. "We don't do a lot of , but I know we'll be able to do it for quite a bit less," Marr said, and it shouldn't take the company long to recoup the $14,000 cost of the machine it purchased from Portable Line Bore Corp. this year. Skaarup added that his company's devices, which are about 2.5 feet wide and a 1.5 feet high and powered by a half-horsepower motor, will do exactly the same thing as the much larger machines. They can bore holes from 1.5 inches to 18 inches in diameter using an 8-foot-long cutting bar that attaches to the motor housing. And, because they are portable, the machines can be mounted on the damaged equipment horizontally or vertically. Even though the devices weigh a total of 420 pounds, they can be disassembled easily, Skaarup said, and one person can set one up in about 30 to 45 minutes. But not just anybody can use these machines. "You have to be mechanically inclined," Skaarup said, although perhaps not as mechanically inclined as the product's inventor--Bob Bareis, who once operated a machine shop in Altamont. Bareis, who developed the product in 1985 and received a U.S. patent in 1989, sold only three or four machines a year before selling the patent and manufacturing rights to Skaarup and Schoonmaker in 1996. RECOMMENDED EDUCATION From ideas to reality: Go inside Vandy's ideas machine COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE Photo tour: Asurion just finished moving 2,050 employees into its new $285M downtown headquarters RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE Arcadia home lands 'unachievable' sale price with help from TV celebrity agent Josh Altman "We market it. He never did," said Schoonmaker. The company has shipped half a dozen machines since December, and has orders for three more. "The biggest problem was getting production set up," added Skaarup, who directs the firm's sales and marketing efforts. Bareis had the aluminum castings for the machine parts made in China and shipped to him for assembly, but Skaarup and Schoonmaker decided to bring that operation back to the United States in order to maintain tighter quality control. But they first had to translate the mechanical drawings from Chinese and metric measurements to English and inches, using some of the original drawings they acquired from Bareis and a computer-aided design program to verify the dimensions. Now, the castings are made by M.G. Carter & Sons in Coxsackie, and the parts are machined by Raloid Tool Co. in Mechanicville. The machines then are assembled by Portable Line Bore's two employees. "As we grow, we'll be doing more of the machining ourselves," Skaarup said, adding that the company now could make 50 machines a month with no problem, as long as it keeps the pipeline full and the castings coming. "It's a real fast turnover," he said. "It's not a lengthy process." And Skaarup and Schoonmaker think there's a market for that many machines each month. "Every time you turn around there's another application," Skaarup said, "We're always open to feedback from people using it in the field, and we're willing to modify it." He added that the firm has received inquiries from companies considering using the portable line boring welding machines on aircraft landing gear, marine engines and drilling equipment. Marr, of Glenbrook Nickel, said he sees 100 to 200 applications for the portable line-boring machine on the smaller pieces of equipment the company uses in its nickel-smelting operation. Most of Portable Line Bore's marketing efforts are through word-of-mouth, trade shows and advertisements in trade magazines. Eventually, Skaarup and Schoonmaker hope to establish dealerships across the country, with a goal of at least two in each state. The dealerships could sell and rent the machines as well as provide service in the field. The pair also plan to open a manufacturing plant in Florida to serve the Southeast--which has a year-round construction season and potentially greater demand for the company's product--once the company is established firmly in the Northeast. And they're not relying solely on a single product. They offer optional accessories for the machines, including a bedplate and loader arm support assembly so the machine can be converted into machine shop equipment but easily converted back again into a portable machine for use in the field.The company also produces a hydraulic line-boring machine that drills holes 8 inches to 40 inches in diameter. That machine, which costs $29,000, is not portable and is used for specialty applications, Skaarup said.Customers also can lease the machines on a weekly or monthly basis, and the company can design parts to meet specific needs. Portable Line Bore also is in the process of developing two new products, including a smaller, lightweight machine, dubbed the PLB Jr., that will bore holes from 1.5 inches to 4 inches in diameter using a variable speed motor on a device similar to a hand drill. The second machine, called the PLB Sr., is identical to the company's primary product, but is powered by a full horsepower motor, providing more inch-pounds of torque.And with Schoonmaker owning 60 percent of the company and holding the title of chief executive officer, the firm one day hopes to take advantage of its woman-owned status to land contracts with the state Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Defense.
Дата Публикации: 13-12-21
Six Easy Steps to Maintain Your Hydraulic Equipment
Описание: Six Easy Steps to Maintain Your Hydraulic Equipment My wife often asks me why I still do consulting work. She wonders why I happily leave the comfort of my office to crawl all over hot, dirty, smelly hydraulic equipment. For starters, I actually enjoy it. Secondly, it keeps me sharp. But perhaps most importantly, it keeps me in touch with the issues that hydraulic equipment users must grapple with. One of the lessons I've learned over the years is that in the early stages of a consulting assignment, it is better to ask good questions rather than dispense good advice. Pump Failures A recent client had a series of catastrophic pump failures. These pumps were achieving less than half their expected service life. So naturally, the company wanted some answers. At our first meeting, the client opened proceedings with a brief history of the machine and an account of the events leading up to the failures. He then pushed a stack of oil analysis reports across the table. Ask the Basic Questions After taking notes on what I'd just been told, I fired off my first question: "What is the system's normal operating temperature?" The response was stunned silence. Client shrugs his shoulders. "OK, what is the system's usual operating pressure range?" Blank look from client. "I don't know; we don't monitor either of those things." At the end of this meeting, we walked through the control room. Both the operating pressure and temperature were displayed on the default PLC screen - albeit along with a lot of seemingly more important production information. Say no more. But could you answer these two basic questions about the vital signs of your hydraulic equipment, rebar tools, floor grinder, grouting pump? If not, I strongly recommend you make the effort to get to know your hydraulic equipment better. Gathering Information This information is easy to collect. It can give valuable insight to the health of your equipment and is essential data if failure analysis is required. Here is how I recommend you accomplish this task: First, you need an infrared thermometer, also called a heat gun. If you don't have one, you'll need to invest around 100 bucks to get one and then familiarize yourself on how to use it. Next, using a permanent marker or paint stick, draw a small target on the hydraulic tank below minimum oil level and away from the cooler return. Label it 1. This marks the spot where you'll take your tank oil temperature readings. By the way, the purpose of these targets is that regardless of who takes the temperature readings, they'll be taken from the same place each time. If the system is a closed-circuit hydrostatic transmission, mark a convenient location on each leg of the transmission loop and number those locations as 2 and 3. Skip this step for open-circuit hydraulic systems. Next, mark a target on the heat exchanger inlet and outlet and number these 4 and 5, respectively. This records the temperature drop across the cooler. The benefit of this step is that if the oil flow rate through the exchanger and the temperature drop across it are known, the actual heat rejection of the exchanger can be calculated. And if the system is overheating, knowing the actual heat rejection of the exchanger can help determine whether the problem is the result of an increase in heat load (due to an increase in internal leakage, for example) or whether the problem lies in the cooling circuit itself. For example, if a hydraulic system with an input power of 100 kilowatts is overheating, and the actual heat rejection of the exchanger is 30 kilowatts, then the efficiency of the system has fallen below 70 percent. Therefore, an increase in heat load is the likely cause. On the other hand, if the exchanger is rejecting only 10 kilowatts of heat (which in this example equates to 10 percent of input power), then it's likely there is a problem in the cooling circuit or there is insufficient installed cooling capacity. Install a pressure gauge or transducer to record operating pressure if one is not already available. If the system is a closed-circuit hydrostatic transmission, install a similar device to record charge pressure. With that accomplished, now draw up a table like Table 1 to record the date, time, ambient temperature, operating temperatures and operating pressure(s). Note that there is little point in recording the temperature across the heat exchanger if the fan or water pump isn't running. And, charge pressure is relevant only to closed-circuit hydrostatic transmissions. In terms of compiling this data, it's a good idea to take readings on the hottest and coldest days of the year, and on a couple of average-temperature days in between. This provides a baseline of information. Beyond that, taking readings at regular intervals - each day or shift, for example - can provide early warning of impending problems. And if the system starts to give trouble, taking a set of readings will reveal if the machine is operating outside its normal parameters.
Дата Публикации: 13-12-21
Are Gaming Chairs Worth It?
Описание: Are Gaming Chairs Worth It? Gaming chairs often get a lot of stick. But, people still continue to pour impressive amounts of money into them, year after year. So, that got us thinking – are gaming chairs worth it? Or have we all just been conditioned to want them because they look impressive? We wanted to look into how gaming chairs are made, and if they can actually improve your gaming or even your health. I set myself the task of learning everything I could about gaming chairs for this very article, and let me tell you – I’ve learned a lot. As someone who doesn’t own a gaming chair (I think I’m the only one in the office who hasn’t managed to snag one yet), I was going into this article completely blind. But, I was first in line to try out every chair that came through our doors recently and enjoyed hours of comfortable sitting while I dove headfirst into research mode. What Makes The Perfect Gaming Chair? Let’s start by looking at what makes the perfect gaming chair. When you’re choosing a new gaming chair, there is a huge list of factors to consider – some more important than others. Comfort Obviously, one of the important factors to consider when choosing a gaming chair is how comfortable it is. The chances are you’re going to be parking your behind in it for a good chunk of time, so you need to make sure it’s providing enough comfort to keep you well focussed on gaming rather than the creeping numbness in your backside. Gaming chairs have been built with comfort in mind – manufacturers are well aware that us gamers have no time limit when it comes to smiting the Alliance in WoW, or blundering through battle royales in Fortnite – which also ties into ergonomics Does the chair have enough lumbar support? Is it designed for someone of your height and build? Are the armrests adjustable? There are a lot of ergonomic factors that can harm your alignment when you’re sat down. Gaming chairs are meant to combat these and keep you comfortable for as long as possible, so make sure that’s what they’re doing. Material When it comes to children's gaming chairs, you’re going to be looking at the three most popular material options: leather, fabric, and mesh gaming chair. They each have their own benefits and drawbacks, so this will all come down to personal preference. Leather – Leather is best for aesthetics, as well as being easy to clean thanks to its easy to wipe texture. But, it’s often less durable as it’s usually PU instead of genuine leather. Fabric – Fabric is usually more comfortable and more durable than leather or mesh gaming chairs. Although, you may find it’s a lot more difficult to keep a fabric pc gaming chair looking clean and fresh, as stains will set more easily, and you can’t usually wipe it down. Mesh – Mesh definitely isn’t winning any beauty contests. However, thanks to its high level of breathability it does do a better job of keeping you cool and sweat-free as you game – and the lightweight material can often be a positive for some. Style If you’re buying a gaming chair, chances are you care about your gaming setup’s aesthetic. So style really does play an important part in the selection process. We’ll delve a little deeper into the different styles of gaming chairs further down. But, the most common types are PC gaming chairs, racer chairs, rockers, and pedestal gaming chairs. Deciding which design will work best for your gaming style, and how you plan to use it, will make choosing the perfect gaming sofa and desk chair much easier. Durability Finally, we have durability. Gaming chairs are, historically, pretty expensive. So, you want to make sure you’re going to get as much life out of it as possible. The durability of a chair is impacted by a few different factors: the material, construction, style, and usage. Fabric chairs tend to be the most durable material, and PC gaming chairs usually outlive the other styles. But, how you use it, and how you care for it, are just as important. Take the time to learn how best to keep your chair in tip-top condition, and you’ll extend the lifespan quite considerably with very minimal effort. Features Every gaming chair is different, and they all come with different features. A lot of pu gaming chairs come with speakers in the headrest so you can really immerse yourself in the gaming experience. Others come with holders for controllers or other accessories. While others have more customization options when it comes to the setup. Deciding which of these added extras are the most important to you is vital when narrowing down your list of possible chair choices.
Дата Публикации: 13-12-21
Cast film machine technology fuels growing stretch film market
Описание: Cast film machine technology fuels growing stretch film market Machinery makers are being challenged to address the increasing demands of cast stretch film — getting film thinner and thinner while improving strength and flexibility. New technologies introduced at K 2013 have improved even more. In general, cast film markets worldwide are healthy, and the cast stretch film market is particularly strong and growing. It's solid in North America, growing at nearly 3 percent annually, while growth is even higher in many emerging economies around the world. Despite the slowdown that's taken place in many of those economies, as well as in many economically mature regions, globalization of manufacturing means that a lot of shipping is going on. These days much of that shipping takes the form of pallets stacked with cartons or other shapes of packaging traveling by ship, train and truck. Shippers believe all that merchandise should arrive at its destination perfectly intact. Yet recent studies estimate that annual losses due to products damaged in handling and transport cost shippers about $2.6 billion. That is precisely the problem that rolls of stretch film have been relieving for decades. Everyone involved with goods transport for any length of time has seen the percentage of pallets securely wrapped in transparent film steadily increase. It is still increasing, as is the strength of the film — even as it has gotten thinner and, as a result, more sustainable and economical. Naturally, it took a parade of significant materials, machinery and processing innovations to make stretch film stronger, thinner, lighter and more sustainable and economical. And just as naturally, with stretch film usage rising, along with market demands for improved performance and lower cost, the development of technology innovations is holding its fast pace. Clear evidence of that is the variety of technological innovations coming from machine line makers — often in concert with resin suppliers — that are now offering stretch film processors options and tools to improve their products that, as recently as 10 years ago, were unthinkable. Examples: A leading supplier of cast stretch film lines is moving what was a major off-line process to in-line; another longtime maker of cast film lines has developed a totally new, stretch-film-specific winder to spearhead a major push into that market. Steve Post, VP of cast film at extrusion and converting system supplier Davis-Standard LLC, Pawcatuck, Conn., says about 80 percent of the total cast film machine market consists of stretch wrap, hygiene film (diaper back sheets, hospital gowns and bed sheets, etc.) and cast polypropylene. Stretch is by far the biggest part, hygiene film is growing and so is cast PP, TPU film, PE film, though almost all in Asia. Suppliers of stretch film in North America are bullish about a market that's growing at close to a 3 percent annual clip, says Post. And, he points out, it's growing from a relatively large base. Suppliers feel resin prices will drop as natural gas supplies increase. Shipping film made in the U.S. to Europe is well within the realm of possibility. Post says one familiar trend is continuing in the stretch film market — downgauging. A few decades ago film that was 25 to 30 microns, or around 1 mil thick, was considered thin. Post says his company's lines are now making stretch film as thin as 6 microns in the conventional process and the pre-stretch process, where the film is stretched in-line to make it stiffer and thinner. That's thin for sure, but the real breakthrough here is that the pre-stretching is being done in-line, on a station just before the winder. Pre-stretch began in Europe about 10 years ago and began to take off about three years ago in North America, where currently it's growing at a rate of more than 15 percent a year. But as Post points out, no one is doing pre-stretching in-line now. It is being done off-line using rewinders. Aiming to change that, Davis-Standard launched its new dsX s-tretch pre-stretch cast film extrusion line at the K 2013 show in Düsseldorf, Germany, and made pre-stretch film in-line on a working line at its German facility. Fast forward to now, when Post says Davis-Standard has perfected the process of doing pre-stretch in-line. Its first installation takes place this month in Southeast Asia. "We only had run at a limited speed," he says of last year's K show display. "Now we're running near 1,000 meters per minute. We've run at speeds faster than the industry." The dsX s-tretch line is 2 meters wide so it has a lower footprint but allows for growth. Because it uses pre-engineered technology, it can be available in as little as six months in five- and seven-layer options. In the future, the line will be offered with environmentally friendly coreless technology so both material and disposable costs will be reduced. Some benefits of making pre-stretched stretch film in-line vs. off-line are obvious: no production floor space taken by rewinders, less movement of rolls across the production floor, reduced labor and a lot of time saved. Fans of lean manufacturing will love it. But Post says there's another benefit that trumps all the others. Most cast film processes are limited by line speed: how fast you can cool the film, or pin the web to the chill roll out of the die. As film keeps getting thinner with machines like PE film machine, TPU film machine, EVA film machine, etc., if line speed doesn't increase the net output of the line drops. Most cast stretch film, both hand and machine rolls, is sold by the pound. Lower machine output is a problem for the processor. Post says that with in-line pre-stretch, the processor can make film from the die at a slower speed — conventional process limits are 1,600 to 1,800 feet per minute — but if the film is stretched three times in-line the result can be an effective line speed greater than 3,000 feet per minute. One additional benefit of pre-stretching worth mentioning: It results in a stiffer film, and that means better load retention and much lower load movement on stretch-wrapped pallets. Since the pallets and their contents are better supported during the transportation cycle, there should be less waste caused by damaged goods and more smiling shippers. Though most stretch wrap film is made of 2-4 melt index linear low density polyethylene, some metallocene-catalyst materials may be used to increase puncture resistance or to give better properties to the tack layer. Polypropylene may be used to make the film stiffer overall. But when any of these are used in a film structure they are 5 to 10 percent of the content, at most. Linear low is still the go-to material, and there is one technological development in cast film that may help it keep that title. Regarding another trend in cast film technology: Post says that though most cast stretch film uses five- or seven-layer structures, there has been a lot of discussion recently about microlayer and nanolayer structures. Extrusion die makers Nordson Extrusion Dies Industries LLC (EDI) and Cloeren Inc. both supply feed blocks that can make film structures in the 20- to 35-layer range.
Дата Публикации: 13-12-21